7:10-16
Ob and In:
1. Sign (v.11, 14)
a. =BDB signs, omens promised by prophets as pledges of certain predicted events e.g. 耶利米書 44：29 耶和華說：‘我在這地方刑罰你們，必有預兆，使你們知道我降禍與你們的話，必要立得住。’
b. The lack of faith make God exhaust v.13
Do you consider it too insignificant to try the patience of men? Is that why you are also trying the patience of my God? BDB-is wearying men too little for you, that you will weary also my God?
try the patient=BDB -make weary, exhaust
c. Summary: The lack of faith of Ahaz to the Word of God making God exhaust and caused the giving of a sign v.14
2. Special name by a special woman:
a. You, young woman, will name him Immanuel
(NET) The verb is normally taken as an archaic third feminine singular form here, and translated, “she will call.” However the form (קָרָאת, qara’t) is more naturally understood as second feminine singular, in which case the words would be addressed to the young woman mentioned just before this. In the three other occurrences of the third feminine singular perfect of I קָרָא (qara’, “to call”), the form used is קָרְאָה (qar’ah; see Gen 29:35; 30:6; 1 Chr 4:9). A third feminine singular perfect קָרָאת does appear in Deut 31:29 and Jer 44:23, but the verb here is the homonym II קָרָא (“to meet, encounter”). The form קָרָאת (from I קָרָא, “to call”) appears in three other passages (Gen 16:11; Isa 60:18; Jer 3:4 [Qere]) and in each case is second feminine singular.
b. Young woman is not the same as virgin, but may include virgin
BDB=young woman (ripe sexually; maid or newly married) e.g. 箴言 30：19 就是鷹在空中飛的道， 蛇在磐石上爬的道， 船在海中行的道， 男與女交合的道。
c. Immanuel (with us is God)=BDB-name of child, symbolizing presence of י׳ to deliver his people
Summary: A young woman among the audiences who hear Isaiah's conversation to the king was about to become pregnant. She will call her son: "with us is God," to symbolize the presence of God to deliver His people.
3. The diet of milk and honey v.15
a. BDB-the being limited to such food is apparently token of destitution
v.15 He will eat sour milk and honey, which will help him know how to reject evil and choose what is right.
(NET) Traditionally the preposition has been translated in a temporal sense, “when he knows.” However, though the preposition לְ (lamed) can sometimes have a temporal force, it never carries such a nuance in any of the 40 other passages where it is used with the infinitive construct of יָדַע (yada’, “to know”). Most often the construction indicates purpose/result. This sense is preferable here. The following context indicates that sour milk and honey will epitomize the devastation that God’s judgment will bring upon the land. Cultivated crops will be gone and the people will be forced to live off the milk produced by their goats and the honey they find in the thickets. As the child is forced to eat a steady diet of this sour milk and honey, he will be reminded of the consequences of sin and motivated to make correct moral decisions in order to avoid further outbreaks of divine discipline.
b. Why the child will eat such a diet if the land whose 2 kings you fear will be desolate? Should they be rejoiced when their enemies were defeated? v.17 The LORD will bring in a worse enemy-Assyria King.
(NET) Because of Ahaz’s refusal to trust the Lord, potential blessing would be transformed into a curse, just as Isaiah turns an apparent prophecy of salvation into a message of judgment.
c. What actually happened in history:
列王紀下 16：7 亞哈斯差遣使者去見亞述王提革拉毘列色說：“我是你的僕人、你的兒子。現在亞蘭王和以色列王攻擊我，求你來救我脫離他們的手。”
列王紀下 16：8 亞哈斯將耶和華殿裡和王宮府庫裡所有的金銀都送給亞述王為禮物。
列王紀下 16：9 亞述王應允了他，就上去攻打大馬士革，將城攻取，殺了利汛，把居民擄到吉珥。
列王紀下 16：10 亞哈斯王上大馬士革去迎接亞述王提革拉毘列色，在大馬士革看見一座壇，就照壇的規模樣式做法畫了圖樣，送到祭司烏利亞那裡。
(BKC) No wonder Isaiah and God were angry with Ahaz. Even after the alliance had been broken by Tiglath-Pileser Judah had no peace. Though Assyria did not defeat Judah, she had to pay Assyria a heavy tribute. Isaiah foretold the consequences of Ahaz’s attitude.
Summary and Reflection: The lack of faith of Ahaz to the Word of God making God exhaust and caused the giving of a sign. The sign is: a young woman among the audiences who hear Isaiah's conversation to the king was about to become pregnant. She will call her son: "with us is God," to symbolize the presence of God to deliver His people. The unbelieving heart of the king, Ahaz, will not change the power of God, but will cause a judgment to his country (Although the 2 kings would be destroyed, but the Assyrian king would come). When the young woman's son was born, the child would face a destitution. People's diet include only milk and honey. The child will learn that he should make good judgment: reject evil and choose what is right. "With us is God," or God will deliver His people was his name.
a. Ahaz's unbelief caused him to refuse to ask for a sign, Moses' unbelief caused him to hit the rock with anger, Do I have any unbelief in my heart?
b. The giving of a sign was an announcement of judgment. Do I see sign correctly?
c. The unbelieving hearts will not stop God from doing His will, but will only cause ourselves the judgment. Why are we so stubborn?
d. When someone learn the reason of desolation is God's judgment that will help the person to make the right decision. Do I learn from desolation history? Is this the meaning of "with us is God?"
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