1 Peter
written 66-67 AD
recipients: to the persecuted Jews and Gentiles Christians
purpose: to proof that the grace is genuine and they can stand 5:12
Hanling
v.1-2 written to those who is foreknown by God
v.3-5 the resurrection of J gives us new birth, second coming we will have salvation, rescue from sins, through faith, you will be with Christ in the future
v.6-9 suffering now, the future glory,
v.10-12 Isa 53 J's birth, suffering, death, the same HS preach the gospel to you.
My notes
v.1-2
v.1 to those temporarily residing abroad
(NET) Or “to those living as resident aliens,” “to
the exiles.” This term is used metaphorically of Christians who live in this
world as foreigners, since their homeland is heaven...Grk “in the Diaspora.”
The Greek term διασπορά (diaspora, “dispersion”) refers to Jews not living in
Palestine but “dispersed” or scattered among the Gentiles. But here it is
probably metaphorical, used of Gentile Christians spread out as God’s people in
the midst of a godless world.
v.1 who are chosen
(NET) Or “to the chosen sojourners …” On this reading the
phrases in v. 2 describe their entire existence as sojourners, etc., not just
their election.
v.2 Three propositions:
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κατὰ |
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πρόγνωσιν |
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θεοῦ |
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πατρὸς |
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ἐν |
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ἁγιασμῷ |
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πνεύματος |
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εἰς |
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ὑπακοὴν |
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καὶ |
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κατά |
πρόγνωσις |
θεός |
πατήρ |
ἐν |
ἁγιασμός |
πνεῦμα |
εἰς |
ὑπακοή |
καί |
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by |
foreknowledge |
of God |
father |
in |
holiness |
of spirit |
for |
obedience |
and |
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PA |
NFSA |
NMSG |
NMSG |
PD |
NMSD |
NNSG |
PA |
NFSA |
CCK |
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ῥαντισμὸν |
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αἵματος |
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Ἰησοῦ |
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Χριστοῦ |
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ῥαντισμός |
αἷμα |
Ἰησοῦς |
Χριστός |
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sprinkling |
of blood |
of Jesus |
Christ |
|||
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NMSA |
NNSG |
NMSG |
NMSG |
(1)
(NAC) when Peter said that believers are elect “according to the foreknowledge
of God the Father,” he emphasized God’s sovereignty and initiative in
salvation. Believers are elect because God the Father has set his covenantal
affection upon them. The words “according to” (kata) may designate “result”
or “cause.”
(2)
(NAC) In this context, however, the focus is on conversion. Peter
explained how believers came to be part of God’s elect people. When believers
are converted, they become God’s holy and set-apart people (e.g., 1 Cor 1:2).
Michaels probably is correct, then, in suggesting that this work of God
accompanies the preaching of the gospel (1:12). As the gospel is proclaimed,
the Spirit sanctifies some by bringing them to faith, by bringing them into the
realm of the holy.
(3)
(NET) For obedience and for sprinkling indicates the purpose of their
choice or election by God.
(BKC) In
these words (1 Peter 1:2) Peter laid the theological foundations for this
letter of encouragement. “God” the Father in His grace had chosen them and God
the “Spirit” had sanctified them through the atoning blood of God the Son,
Jesus Christ. (All three Persons of the Trinity are mentioned in this verse.)
v.3-9
Themes:
How did the believers deal with the present sufferings with joy:
8 You have not seen him, but you love him. You do not see him now but you believe in him, and so you rejoice with an indescribable and glorious joy, 9 because you are attaining the goal of your faith—the salvation of your souls.
(1) New
birth v.3
3 Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! By his great mercy he gave us new birth into a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead,
6 This brings you great joy, although you may have to suffer for a short time in various trials
Verse 6 begins with the words “in this” (en hō). Identifying a particular antecedent is difficult. The words “God” or “Christ” (v. 3) are too far removed to be likely candidates. “The last time” (kairō eschatō) fits better, and it would require that the word “rejoice” (agalliasthe) be understood as a present tense with a future meaning
Everything starts with this new birth, and this new birth was not given to us because we deserved, but because of His great mercy.
faith
v.5, 7
The
future salvation is through faith v.5, and the trials show
the proven character of faith v.7
(NET) The
author is not asserting that the quality of the readers’ faith is in doubt and
will be proven by future trials. He declares their faith to be a present
reality in v. 5 and 9, so in context v. 8 affirms that their faith is indeed
genuine.
The proof of faith bring praise and honor to JC v.7.
Can I love J without seeing Him? Can I believe in Him without seeing Him? If yes, then I can go through the present trial and still rejoice v.8
v.10-12
(BKC) The
prophets did not fully understand all that the Holy Spirit had authored through
them. It was the Spirit who predicted the sufferings of Christ (Isa. 53) and
the glories that would follow (Isa. 11). Peter’s readers would be encouraged by
this reminder that Christ’s suffering was followed by glory. They too would
experience glory after their suffering (cf. 1 Peter 5:10).
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